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A GAMS Tutorial by Richard E. Rosenthal
1 Introduction
The introductory part of this book ends with a detailed example of the use of GAMS for formulating, solving, and analyzing
a small and simple optimization problem. Richard E. Rosenthal of the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California
wrote it. The example is a quick but complete overview of GAMS and its features. Many references are made to other parts
of the book, but they are only to tell you where to look for more details; the material here can be read profitably without
reference to the rest of the book.
The example is an instance of the transportation problem of linear programming, which has historically served as a 'laboratory
animal' in the development of optimization technology. [See, for example, Dantzig (1963) 1. ] It is a good choice for
illustrating the power of algebraic modeling languages like GAMS because the transportation problem, no matter how large
the instance at hand, possesses a simple, exploitable algebraic structure. You will see that almost all of the statements in the
GAMS input file we are about to present would remain unchanged if a much larger transportation problem were considered.
In the familiar transportation problem, we are given the supplies at several plants and the demands at several markets for a
single commodity, and we are given the unit costs of shipping the commodity from plants to markets. The economic question
is: how much shipment should there be between each plant and each market so as to minimize total transport cost?
The algebraic representation of this problem is usually presented in a format similar to the following
GAMS Data Library - includes GAMS models demonstrating various utilities to interface GAMS with other tools and applications such as spreadsheets and database interface.
通用代数建模系统(GAMS)是数学编程和优化的建模系统。它由一个语言编译器和一个稳定的集成各种高性能的求解器组成。GAMS适用于复杂的、大规模的建模应用,并允许您创建大的维护模型以很快的适应新的情况。
*的建模系统
专注建模
GAMS允许用户在某种程度上,用跟数学描述非常相似的方式来制定数学模型。看一下这些例子就能说明GAMS模型的基本结构和特征以及与数学表达式的关系。GAMS让用户专注建模,通过要求简洁和的实体和关系规范,鼓励良好的建模习惯。GAMS语言与通用编程语言形式相似,因此对于有编程经验的人来说是熟悉的。由于模型的制定方式在某种程度上与它的数学描述类似,所以不仅是程序员,实际领域的也能理解和维护。GAMS专注于建模并且允许做所有相关的事。
陈述性知识和程序性要素的平衡混合,允许用户在GAMS中构建复杂的算法甚至实现分解方法。尤其是解决异常问题的模型,以及随之而来的性能问题。
立的模型和用户界面
面向对象的GAMA API允许GAMS无缝整合到为交互提供适当类别的应用中。这三个面向对象GAMS API是.NET, Java和Python与.NET framework 4 (Visual Studio 2010)、Java SE 5或更高版本以及Python 3.4, 2.7和2.6。
除了面向对象的GAMA API,还有级别(或级别) 的GAMS API,它们的使用要求有高深知识的GAMS组件库。
除了API, GAMS还提供智能链接到应用程序,如MS Excel, MatLab或R。用户可以在这个环境中继续工作,通过一个API就可以访问GAMS所有的优化功能。这就允许应用中的模型数据和结果可以可视化和分析了。
大型、全球用户社区
超过120多个国家的不同领域的跨国公司、学校、研究机构和使用GAMS,包括能源化工、经济建模、农业规划或制造业。
Preface
This documentation guides GAMS User through several topics in GAMS system. Some introductions to software systems
are like reference manuals: they describe each command in detail. Others take you step by step through a small number of
examples. This guide uses elements of both approaches.
• Introduction and Tutorial - This is a self-contained tutorial that guides you through a single example, a small
transportation model, in some detail: you can quickly investigate the flavor of GAMS by reading it.
– Introduction - an introductory to GAMS User's Guide.
– Tutorial - A GAMS Tutorial by Richard E. Rosenthal.
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